Analysis of associated factors of the inconsistency for knowledge and behavior in condom use among college students in Zhuhai City / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine the prevalence and factors influencing the inconsistency for knowledge and behavior in condom use among college students, so as to provide suggestions for AIDS prevention and education in universities.@*Methods@#From October to December 2019, a multistage cluster sampling method was employed to collect data relating to inconsistency for knowledge and behavior in condom use and other related factors among 1 303 students from six colleges in Zhuhai, China. Chi square test and Logistic regression were performed to analyze the influencing factors and moderating effect.@*Results@#The reporting rate of in consistency of knowledge and behavior in condom use among college students was 41.1%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that seeking sexual partners offline was negatively correlated with inconsistency for knowledge and behavior in condom use ( OR=0.70, 95%CI =0.51-0.95). However, condom nonuse during the first sexual experience (OR=7.11, 95%CI=5.23-9.67), smoking before sex ( OR=1.47, 95%CI =1.07-2.02), drinking before sex ( OR=1.44, 95%CI =1.09-1.91), history of intimate partner violence ( OR=1.53, 95%CI =1.13-2.07), and having multiple sexual partners ( OR=1.69, 95%CI =1.25-2.29) were positively correlated with inconsistency for knowledge and behavior in condom use ( P <0.05). The moderating effect analysis showed that condom use during the first sexual experience had a moderating effect on smoking before sex and inconsistency for knowledge and behavior in condom use ( β=0.92, P <0.05). Among students who did not use condoms during the first sexual experience, a positive correlation was observed between smoking before sex and inconsistency for knowledge and behavior in condom use ( OR= 2.76 , 95%CI=1.09-6.99, P <0.05). However, no correlation was found between smoking before sex and inconsistency for knowledge and behavior in condom use ( OR=1.32, 95%CI=0.92-1.88, P >0.05) among students who used condoms during the first sexual experience.@*Conclusion@#High levels of inconsistency for knowledge and behavior in condom use are found among college students in Zhuhai City. Colleges should carry out sex education activities as soon as possible, and explore new health education models to promote the transformation of their knowledge into behavior.

Research progress on the association between Parkinson′s disease and inflammatory bowel disease in genetics and gut microbiota / 中华神经科杂志

Parkinson′s disease (PD) is a common degenerative disease of central nervous system. PD is closely related to gastrointestinal diseases in comorbidity studies, and the “gut brain axis” disorder may be involved in their relationship. In recent years, relevant studies have suggested that there are genetic and epidemiological evidences to link PD with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This article reviews the relationship between PD and IBD from the genetic evidence and the relevant concept of “gut brain axis”.

Research on Technological Development and Transformation Achievement Innovation Efficiency in Phar-maceutical Industry in China Based on Stochastic Frontier Analysis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To learn the way to improve innovation efficiency of technological development and achievement transformation stages in pharmaceutical industry in China. METHODS:The input and output data of pharmaceutical industry in 28 provinces(regions,cities)of China from 2001-2013 were estimated by using stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)so as to obtain in-novation efficiency of two stages. According to average efficiency of two stages,pharmaceutical industry of 28 provinces(regions, cities)were divided into 4 categories for further analysis. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The innovation efficiency of pharmaceuti-cal industry in China was 0.626 2 at technology development stage and 0.567 8 at transformation stage,indicating they were not high either and the transformation efficiency was lagged behind the development efficiency. The coefficient of variation of innova-tion efficiency at transformation stage(0.274 2)was higher than development stage(0.194 5),indicating the difference degree of innovation efficiency at transformation stage was larger than at development stage. The areas with higher efficiency in both stages were in Eastern and economically developed regions,and the Western region with rich natural resources had higher efficiency at technological development stage,indicating region economic level or resource advantages created the conditions for the pharmaceuti-cal industry to enhance the innovation efficiency. It is suggested to further strengthen scientific achievement communication between pharmaceutical enterprises and pharmaceutical research institutions,and pay more attention to develop national medicine and tradi-tional Chinese medicine in Western region.

Protective effect of Pd-Ia on LPS-induced mouse acute lung injury and its mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the protective effects of dl-praeruptorin ( Pd-Ia) against acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) .Methods Acute lung injury model was induced by intranasal instillation LPS, and Pd-Ia was administered by intraperitoneal in-jection after 1 h of LPS exposure .Lung tissue samples were collected after 24 h of LPS administration to in-vestigate the role of Pd-Ia in acute lung injury .Results Pathomorpholoy showed a marked improvement of in-flammatory cell infiltration in Pd-Ia treated group , cel-lular staining also indicated a marked decrease of in-flammatory cells in BALF, and quantitative PCR and ELISA revealed a significant inhibition of cytokine IL-6,TNF-α, IL-1β, and chemokine MIP-1α, MIP-2 ex-pression .Pd-Ia attenuated LPS-induced histological se-verities and TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β,MIP-1αand MIP-2 production .Conclusion Pd-Ia can alleviate the lung injury by ameliorating inflammation in lung .

Troglitazone suppresses ICAM-1 and MMP-9 expressions by up-regulating PPARγ in HeLa cells / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of troglitazone, a proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonist, on the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and matrix metalloproteainse-9 (MMP-9) and cell proliferation in HeLa cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay was used to measure the cell viability at different time points (0, 24, 48 and 72 h) after exposure to troglitazone. RT-PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of ICAM-1, MMP-9 and PPARγ in the cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed to assess the changes in DNA binding activity of PPARγ.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The viability of HeLa cells were time-dependently inhibited by troglitazone, which also significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of ICAM-1 and MMP-9 and increased PPARγ expression. The effects of troglitazone in inhibiting the cell viability and reducing ICAM-1 and MMP-9 expressions were antagonized by the application of the PPARγ antagonist GW9662. The result of EMSA also showed significantly increased DNA binding activity of PPARγ in the cells exposed to troglitazone.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The PPARγ agonist troglitazone can inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 and MMP-9 in HeLa cells by up-regulating PPARγ.</p>

Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoid on proliferation of vassel smooth muscle cells stimulated by high triglyceride blood serum / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the effects and related mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoid (SSTF) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation induced by high triglyceride blood serum (HTG).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>VSMCs isolated from rat aorta were cultured in vitro and proliferation was stimulated by HTG, SSTF was added to influence the proliferation of VSMCs. The proliferation and cell cycle of VSMCs were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. CO released into the culture media was quantitated by measuring carbon monoxide hemoglobin (COHb). The protein expressions of HO-1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK/p-ERK) were detected by Western blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>500 mg x L(-1) SSTF could obviously suppress the cell multiplication by HTG's induction, remarkably increase the production of COHb in VSMCs, obviously suppresse the mitotic cycle progress of VSMCs (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), in the time and dosage dependence. Furthermore, 500 mg x L(-1) SSTF remarkably declined the ERK/p-ERK protein expression (P < 0.01), but did not have the influence on the HO-1 protein's expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SSTF inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs directly by blocking cell cycle progression, and the ERK signal transduction way possibly participated in the cytoprotection of SSTF.</p>

Experimental Study of Total Flavonoids from Stems and Leaves of Scatellaria Baicalensis in Preventing and Curing Diabetes Mellitus / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To study the hypoglycemic effect of total flavonoids from stems and leaves of scatellaria baicalensis (SSTF)on diabetic mice and to explore the therapeutic mechanism.Methods Diabetic mice models were established by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan(200 mg/kg),and the changes of mice blood glucose ,superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdelyde content were observed after preventive or curative treatment with SSTF.Results Preventive treat- ment with SSTF can obviously inhibit the increase of mice blood glucose induced by alloxan ,and the therapeutic treat- ment with SSTF can lower the blood glucose levels of diabetic mice.Both preventive and therapeutic treatment groups can increase serum superoxide dismutase activity and decrease malondialdelyde content.Conclusion SSTF have significant preventive and therapeutic effects on diabetic mice,and the mechanism is related to the anti-oxidation activity.

Effect of Scutellaria Baicalensis Stem-leaf Total Flavonoids on Lipid Metabolism in Hyperlipidemia Rats / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To investigate the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoids(SSTF)on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia rats.Methods On the basis of establishing hyperlipidemia rat model,blood and liver lipids,lipid metabolic enzyme,and the amount of fecal bile acids were investigated after feeding of fatty emulsion for 30 days.Results Compared to the model group,SSTF significantly reduced the serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),increased the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT).SSTF also showed the effect on decreasing liver TC,TG and increasing the amount of fecal bile acids.Conclusion SSTF have an effect on decreasing lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia rats,and the possible mechanism is associated to the increase of LCAT activity and fecal bile acids excretion.

Experimental Study of Total Flavonoids from Stem-leaf of Scutellaria Baicalensis in Treating Type 2 Diabetic Hyperlipidemia / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To investigate the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoids(SSTF) on blood glucose,blood lipid levels and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats with hyperlipidemia,and to explore the possible therapeutic mechanism. Methods Experimental rat model was established by feeding high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of small-dose streptozotocin. The effects of SSTF on blood glucose,blood lipid,insulin sensitive index(ISI) and antioxidative capacity of experimental rat model were investigated. Results SSTF significantly reduced the serum fasting blood glucose(FBG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) levels,increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) level and ISI,and reduced triglyceride(TG) level to some extent. SSTF also had an effect on decreasing malondialdehyde(MDA) content in both serum and liver tissue,increasing serum superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity significantly and glutathione(GSH) content to some extent. Conclusion SSTF have significant effect on decreasing blood glucose and blood lipid and improving insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats with hyperlipidemia. Its therapeutic mechanism may be related to the antioxidation function.